spofeord



Dec. 19, 1922.

. G; E. SPOFFORD.v

CROSS WEAVING LOOM.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

FILED IAN. 5, |922- Dea-19, 1922. 1,439,029.

. G. E. SPOFFORD. Y K

` @Ross wEAvlNG Loom.

D AN. 1922. EEEEEEEEEEEEEEE w Kw1/illu l l VDec. 19, 1922.1 G. E.SPOFFORD.

CROSS YVEAVING LOOM.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- FIL`ED IAN- 5,1922.

' lll/lll sin' .fr gliele' @de Freier GEORGE E. SPOFFORD, GELANGLEY,`SOUTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNOR TO DRAPER CORPO- RATION, F HOEEDALE, M.SSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATIGN Q2? MANE.

oRoss-wnavnve Loon.

Application filed January y5, 1922. Serial No. 527,229..

To all fic/m t mmf/concern.'

Be it known that l, Giioiion =E.Srorroin a citizen of' the UnitedStates,y residing at Langley, in the eountyfot Aiken and State of SouthC'aiolinafhave invented `an Im pi'oveinent in Cioss-l/Ve'avigngl Looms,yof lwhich the following description, in connection with the'accompanying drawinpsiis a speciication, like characters on thedrawings reprcsenting like parts. y y

This invention yrelatesto cross weaving' looms whereby certain oit 'the'warp threads drawings ot one' goed` form oif 'means forl carrying itinto practical effec'.

ln the drawings Fig. l is a sectional sidezelevation longi- Liidii'iallythrough a cross weaif'ingloom con-A taininzig'ithe Vpresent invention,ysome o'lz ther parts being omitted for clcarness ot'illustration;

Figi'. 2 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale.. showing` moreparticularly tlle cross weavini;` mechanism and the means 'tor opei'-ating the heddles in thefforniation of the cross-weave etiiect, the doupand-'other heddley details being represented diagrammatically only;

ot the loom for operatingthe lifter and `iuniper heddles; f

Fig. 4t is a side view oi the parts shown by Fig. 3, some ot' theelements being' broken awav-Yto illustrate the `interior constructions;Y f

Fig, 5 is an enlargedperspective detached.

`rew-of one torni ot doup and lifter heddles which may be employedA inconnection` with the present invention; and y Fig'. 6 is an enlargeddetailishowing.more

paiticularlythe construetionand connection of the lifter/and doupheddles.

T he loom frame l supports the usual crank shaft 2 which `is connectedto the lay- 3 for Fig. 23 is an enlarged detached detail show init therockers., preferably'located at the top `imparting to the lay itswell-known beatup.

Mounted upon the loom frame' Vin suitable bearings below the crank shaft`Qis the under or cam shaft fl, Fig. @which movements.

is driven from the crank shaft in the ratio of one to two, that is, thegearing connection between the crank shaft and under or cam shaft 4:edects onejrotation of the under or camshaft upon two completeyrotationsy of. the crank shaft; and inasmuch. as the presn ent inventioncontemplates that certain of the heddles shall be given a two-to-oneino` tion `with relation to other of the heddles, as e kwill presentlyappear, advantage is taken of.

the relation between the crank and under or cam shaft rto effect suchmotion of the hejddles.. In the construction illustrated in Figsfl and2, two doup heddles are shown,' eachassociated with two lifter heddles,but it will' be understood that one doup heddle` and two :lifterheddles'constitutes a unit ofthe cross weaving mechanism. e l v Theconstruction and relation'oiy the doup and lifteiheddles for controlling.the doup warp thread of a unit Ais shown Figs.' 5 and 6, but thisrfeature constitutes'no essential part of Athe present invention, and ,is'illustrated tor the purpose of making` clear that the doup thread isoperated on each 'shed forn'iationto place the doup threadin thef sameplane of the shed. .The consti" ction shown byl Figs 5 and jconstitutesa convenient and effective arrangement of' the doup andliiter heddles,butother forms 'of such doup and litter heddlcs may he einployed withinthe true scope of the present invention. y

AThe doup heddle 5v Figsf and 6, is constitutedv withA two leg portions6," one of which passes through. an opening 7 in one litter heddle 8,while the other passesl through a similar opening` 9 kin the otherlifter heddle l0. The doup heddlo. 5 has the I yeye 11 through whichthedoup thread. al

passes.

The legs 6 of the doup heddle o extend downwardly and aie connectedattheirlower ends by the'bars l2, which are normally held downwardly bythe yokes 13,r to thev lower end of which a" spring 14C is secured, theconfv structionbein-g such that the doup hed-idle i v5 is normallyand-yieldingly held depressed. y

The lifter heddles 8 and 10f zreconnected,

,to their respective he'ddle frames" 15 by they hooked upper and lowerportions` i6, the construction beingl such that when either oi" theheddlc trames l5 and its connected litting heddle S or l() is movedupwardly, in the present iiistai'ice, the doup heddle 5, one leg olwhich passes'through the opening 7 in the lifter heddles, will be raisedand peritorce the doup thread a which passes through the eyell of thedoup heddle, will likewise be raised and consequently always be placedin the same line or plane of the shed in successive shedVJforn'iations.` Suitable springs 1.7 Fig. 2,k are connected .to thelower. portion ot each lifting heddle frame to normally depress theconnected heddle frame.

Each doup thread a has associated with it a jumper thread Z) whichpasses between the two lifter heddles 8 and l0. and throughthe eye 1S ota jumper heddle 19 which is mounted in the jumper heddle frame. 20, Fig.2. 'lhe jumper heddle 4.traine 2G and the j umper heddleslf) carried bythe frame are preterably mounted rearwardly of' the lifting heddletrames, as indicated in Fig. 2.

The loom frame supports one or more Warp beams 2l, Fig. 2, on which arewound the doup and jumper warp threads. The doup and jumper warp threadspass from the source of supply over the whip-roll 22, Fig. 2, and overand under the lease lrods 23, from which they extend forwardly towardthe front ot the loom. All of the doup threads a, Figs. 1 and 2, passunder an evener bar 2d which is guided for movement by .guides 25secured to the loom frame, and is normally under the control of a spring26, one preferably being connected to the evener bar near each endthereof.' The evener bar 2a, therefore, is above the doup threads andnormally rests upon the doup threads under the yielding` influence ot'the spring `26 to thereby even up the doup thread during the crossweavingoperation. From the evener bar 24, each doup thread a passesthrough an eye l1 of one ot the doup heddles, as clearly indicated inFig. 5, and then the doup thread leads through the usual reed carried bythe lay. The associated jumper warp thread passes from the warp beamover and under the lease rodsl 23 and through the eye i8 of the jumperheddle 19 and then between the two litter heddles 8 and l0, whence itextends trontwardly through the. same dent of the reed `with itsassociated doup thread.

Freni the construction thus tar described it will be clear that when theshed is closed, that is. when the doup and jumper warp threads are insubstantially the same plane, if one of `the litter heddles be raised,and the jumper'heddle be lowered, the doup thread a. willbe passed atone side oi the jumper thread in the shed format-ion and that all thedoup threads will be in one plane of the shed. while all the jumperthreads will be in the ,stance the connection between the arm )2 5 otherplane ol the shed. Similarly, when the other litter heddle is raisedVtrom the closed shed position, it will raise the doup heddle aud withit the doup thread, to the opposite side ot the jumper thread and thejumper threads may be then lowered to torni the lower plane ol.t theshed. Thus in each successive shed formation, the liti'ter lieddlesalternately raise the doup heddle anifl the associated doup thread irstat one and then at the opposite side of the jumper thread `and place itin the same plane o'tthe shed on each shed formation; while the jumperthread is raised to the plane ot the closed shed and then depressed tocomplete the shed, on each shed formation. ln other words, every timethe shed is formed, the doup threads are moved into the saine shed planeon each formation, and the jumper thread is moved into the otherl shedplane, the doup thread being passed alternately back and forth acrossthe jumper thread.

To impart the alternate movements 'to the lifting heddles and thetwo-to-one movement of the jumper heddle, the present invention providesa connection between the under or cam shatt for operating the littingheddles and a connection to the crank shaft for operating the jumperheddle, one

the other of which is operated from the 1 crank shaft and is connectedto the jumper ieddle, with the result that the jumper hed` dle is givenan up-and-down movement of the lifting heddles.

:Xs shown in the present form ot' the invention, the loom arch 27 hasextending upwardly therefrom the brackets 28 and 29, which carry thedead or stud shaft 30. Mounted for rocking movement on the dead shaft3() is the Vrocker 3l which may be conveniently formed as a cylinder,Figs. and 4. Secured; to the rocker 3l is an arm 32 pvotally connectedat 33 to the upper end portion of a rod 34. ln the present inand the rodIvlis termed by the yokcs andl 36, flexibly connected by the piu 2li' inorder to prevent binding ol' parts due to the difference. in thedirectional movements that may occur between the rod il and the arm 32during the loom operation. The rod 34 'is connected in a similar mannerby the yokes 3S and 39 to a crank arme() secured to the lower or camshafta, Fig. 2. The rocker 3l is connected to the lifting heddle frame,when one is used, or to the two lifting heddle trames l5 in the presentform oit the invention, by means of the straps or llO flexible elementsil which may be suitably guided abore their points of attachment toy thelifting heddle frames by the guides 4:2, supported by the loom arch.rfhe connectingelements between thel rocker y3l and the f lifter heddleframes may be variouslyv formed, but the rcharacter of the connectionherein shown isfoundtobe advantageous in practical operation,y theconstruction being such that upon rocking'movementv4 of the rocker Bloneyof the liftingheddles 15y will be raised and the other will be lowered.

The jumper heddle`20, in the present in vention, is torhave a two-toonemotion `as compared with the associated liftingheddle, and is shown asconnected through-a rocker to the crank or main shaft 21of the loom.

Loosely mountedon the stud shaft() is the second rockerfet to which issecured an arm 41A- adjustably `connected at its "outer end at 45 withthe operating` rod 46H The construction between the Qopenziting rod loand the arm #la is preferably fornied by the vokes 47, and 4S, pivotallyconnected gat a9. in a manner similar to the yokes 35 andBG,hereinloeforedescribed.l The rocker 418 has adjustably connectedthereto, the segmento() to which is secured thejumper heddle operatingconnection 5l.t k n y rlhe rod- 46 at its lower end is connected to thecrankarm 52 secured to thejniaink or crank shaft by the yokes 53 and 54pivotally connected at, the construction being-` such that upon eachrotation `of the crank shaft the jumper heddle willbe raised andlowered; and since the lower or cam shaft makes one revolution to eachtwo revolu` tions of the crank shaft, it-followsthat upon each rise'andfall ofthe jumper heddle one of the lifter heddles will be raised. theconstruction described it will` be apparent that on each shed'formations the jumpep thread will always appear` inthe same shed planeand thatthe doup thread willalways appearin the opposite shed plane.`

It sometimes `isfdesirable thatthefabric being` woven with the crossweave or marquisette effect vhave ai plain or otherform. of woven vselvage. vention provides selvapje heddles and selva-ge thread spools,and where the'selvage threads are to be alteri'iately raised andlowered, as

shown in the present instance.the selva'ge heddles.y two `of which areshown. are connected for yalternate movement to the rocker 3lhereinbefore described.

rlhe selvag'e threads are carried by spools or beams 56 supported uponarms 57e tending` from the loom arch, and a friction let-off formed by aband 58 passing" around a rim of theselvage spool and connected to a.spring 59 maintains the selvage threads o leading from the selvagespools under proper tension. around the whip-roll 22 at each side ofthel? rom To this end the present in The selvage threads passy loom, andthence pass to and through respective heddles carried bv the heddleframes GO, one of which is shown up and thev other down, in Fig. 2. y

it/That is claimed is l. ln a cross-weaving` loom, the combinag tion ofthe crank shaft. an under or cam shaft makingi a single revolution toeach two `iievolutions of the crank shaft, a doup heddle forcontrolling` a doup thread, two lifter heddles for alternately-operatinothe doup heddle 'for placing the doup thread in the same plane of theshed on each shed forma tion, a` jumper heddle for controlling` a jumperthread andplacing` it in the same shed plane on successive shedformations, connections between the lifter h'eddles and 'under or camshaft. for operating the lifter heddles, and connections between thecrank shaft and jumper heddle 'forxoperating the jumper heddletwo-to-one relative to the lifter heddles.

2. In a cross-weaving` loom, the combination of the crank shaft, anunder or cam shaft making` a single revolution to each two revolutionsof the crankshaft, a. doup heddle `for controlling a v`doup thread, twovlifter heddles for alternately operating the doup heddle` for placingthe doup thread in the same plane ofthe shed on each shed formation, ajumper heddle for controlling a jumper thread and placing itin the sameshed plane on successive' shed formations, connections between. thelifter heddles and under or cam shaft foroperatingthe lifter heddles,connections for operating `the jumper. heddle t'wo-to-one relative tothef lifter heddles, and

a springi controlled evener bar resting' upon the doup threads.

3. In a cross-weaving' loom, the combina- Y tion-of the crank shaft, anunder shaft, a doup heddle for controllinga 'doup thread,

two lifter heddles for alternately operating` the doup heddle, a jumpervheddle for controlling a* jumper thread. connections `bej tween thelifter heddles and under shaft including' la crank for operatingV thelifter vheddles,"and connections between the ljumper heddles and crankshaft for operato@` the jumper heddles twotoonerelative to the doupheddles.

4L. In a cross-weaving loom, the combination of a doup heddle forcontrolling adoup thread, two lifter heddles for alternately operatingthe doup heddle to place the doup nation of a doup heddie forcontrolling ay doup thread, two lifter heddles for alternately operatingthe doup heddle to place the doup thread in the same sued plane onsuccessive shed formations, a jumper heddie for col'itrollingj a jumperthread and j )laeingit inthe saine shed plane on suocessive shedformations, selvage heddles for controllingselvagge threads connectedwith the under or crank shaft of the loom and the lifter heddles andalso With the seh/"age heddles for operatingl them, and conneetions withthe crank shaft and urnper heddle for operatingthe jumper to-onerelative to the lifter and dles.

6. In a crosseiveaving loom, the eombination of a doup heddle forcontrolling` a doup thread, two lifting` heddles for alternatelyoperating` the doup heddle toplace the doup thread in the same plane of`the shed on each shed formation, jumper heddle for controlling thejumper thread and moving it into the saine shed plane upon successiveshed formations, an evener har above the doup thread, and yielding meansacting upon the ev'ener bar for evening up the doup threads.

7. In a crossover-ving loom, the combination of a. doup heddle forcontrolling a doup thread, two lifting,` heddles for alternatelyoperating' the doup heddle to place the doup thread in the same plane ofthe shed on each shed formation, a jumper heddle for controlling thejumper thread and moving; it into the same shed plane upon successiveshed formations, an evener har above the doup thread, and a springnormally acting to depress the evener har upon the doup threads.

S. ln a cross-Weaving` loom, the eombination of a doup heddle and tivocontrolling lifter heddles for alternately lifting the doup heddle andthe doup thread to the upper plane of the shed on successive shedformations, a jumper heddle for moving the jumper thread to the lowerplane of the shed selvagge hedon successive shed formations, an evenerbar located above the doup threads back of the heddles and a spring; forcausingthe eif'ener bar to vieldingly bear upon the doup threads.

9. ,A oross-WeavngI loom having a doup thread evening;- har Whiehrests'upon the doup threads and movable in one direcheddle twoflasheotion by the dou p threads during the forination of a shed, and a springacting yielding ly upon the erener bar in the opposite direc-tion.

10. In a cross-Weaving` loom havirre a warp beam supply for doup andjumper Warp threads, a separate supply for selva-ge threads, a springoperated evener bar acting,` upon the doup warp threads, heddles forseparately controlling the doup, jumper, and selvage Warp threads,connections with the under or cam shaft for operating the doup andselvagge heddles, and connections with the crank shaft for operating4the jumper heddle tivo-to-one relative to the doup and selvage heddles.`i 1l. In a cross-Weaving loom, the combination of a doup heddle,twoglifting heddles for alternately lifting),` the doup heddle to theupper plane of the shed on each shed formation, a jumper heddle, a crankoonneeted to the under or cam. shaft for operating` the lifter heddlesto place the doup thread in the upper plane'of the shed on each shedformation, and a Crank connected to the cranlr shaft for operating thejumper heddle.

l2. ln a cross-rvezmfing` loornhavinga Warp beam supply for doup andjumper Warp threads, a separate supply for selvagge Warp threads, a Whiproll about Which the CII doup, jumper, and selvaggey warp; threads pass`a spring controlled evener bar folr evening' the doup threads, andheddles forand lifter heddles operated from. the under or cam shaft foroperatingv the lifter heddles, and a second rocker connected to thejumper heddle and era-nk shaft of the loom for operating' the jumperheddle two to one relative to the lifter heddle.

In testimony whereof, l have/signed lily name to this specification.

GEORGE E. 'SPOFFORD

